肺泡上皮
肺
细胞生物学
平衡
上皮
祖细胞
肺表面活性物质
生物
免疫学
化学
干细胞
呼吸上皮
病理
医学
内科学
生物化学
作者
Loïc Guillot,Nadia Nathan,Olivier Tabary,Guillaume Thouvenin,Philippe Le Rouzic,Harriet Corvol,Serge Amselem,Annick Clément
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.biocel.2013.08.009
摘要
The lung interfaces with the environment across a continuous epithelium composed of various cell types along the proximal and distal airways. At the alveolar structure level, the epithelium, which is composed of type I and type II alveolar epithelial cells, represents a critical component of lung homeostasis. Indeed, its fundamental role is to provide an extensive surface for gas exchange. Additional functions that act to preserve the capacity for such unique gas transfer have been progressively identified. The alveolar epithelium represents a physical barrier that protects from environmental insults by segregating inhaled foreign agents and regulating water and ions transport, thereby contributing to the maintenance of alveolar surface fluid balance. The homeostatic role of alveolar epithelium relies on the regulated/controlled production of the pulmonary surfactant, which is not only a key determinant of alveolar mechanical stability but also a complex structure that participates in the cross-talk between local cells and the lung immune and inflammatory response. In regard to these critical functions, a major point is the maintenance of alveolar surface integrity, which relies on the renewal capacity of type II alveolar epithelial cells, and the contribution of progenitor populations within the lung.
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