Structural study and hydrogen sorption kinetics of ball-milled magnesium hydride

It has recently been discovered that energetic ball milling of hydrides can improve their hydrogen sorption properties significantly. In this work, we present a systematic study of structural modifications and hydrogen absorption–desorption kinetics of ball-milled magnesium hydride. Structural investigations showed that after only 2 h of milling, a metastable orthorhombic (γ) magnesium hydride phase is formed. A Rietveld analysis of the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the 20 h milled sample gave a proportion of 74 wt.% MgH2, 18 wt.% γ MgH2 and 8 wt.% MgO. The hydrogen capacity and sorption kinetics were measured before and after milling. We found that the sorption kinetics are much faster for the milled sample compared to the unmilled one. This explains the fact that the hydrogen desorption temperature of the ball-milled sample as measured by pressured differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC), is reduced by 64 K compared to the unmilled sample. There is no significant change of the storage capacity upon milling and the absorption plateau pressure does not change. From the desorption curves, the activation energy was deduced. The milling also increased the specific surface area. This was confirmed by SEM micrographs and BET measurements. Possible mechanisms explaining the improved kinetics are presented.