Characterization of physicochemical and biological properties of Schizophyllum commune polysaccharide extracted with different methods

Water-soluble polysaccharides from Schizophyllum commune (SPGs) were extracted using different methods including hot-water extraction (HWE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UE), microwave-assisted extraction (ME) and high pressure extraction (HPE). The physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic activity of four different SPGs were investigated. The results indicated that the polysaccharides yield (8.26%), uronic acid content (3.0%), total polysaccharides content (67.96%) and molecular weight (52.7 kDa) of SPGs extracted by HWE were higher than those obtained by other methods. FT-IR spectra and conformation information of four SPGs were similar, however, the color characteristics, the monosaccharide species and molar ratios, the solubility and micro-structure of each SPGs were significantly different. Though the molecular weight (11.0 kDa) of UE-SPGs was lowest, it showed the highest antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic activity. It could be considered that the UE extraction method might be a good potential extraction technique for the SPGs with high bioactivities.