The presence of intraductal carcinoma of prostate is a risk factor for poor pathologic response in men with high-risk prostate cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy

To explore the potential association between the presence of intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) on biopsy and pathologic response of primary tumor to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with high-risk prostate cancer. Eighty-five patients with high-risk localized/locally advanced prostate cancer (CaP) who were given 6-month neoadjuvant therapies of androgen deprivation therapy plus docetaxel or abiraterone prior to radical prostatectomy in 2 prospective trials were included in this study. The presence of IDC-P in biopsy pathology was rereviewed by 2 experienced pathologists. Favorable pathologic response was defined as pathologic complete response or minimal residual disease <5 mm on whole-mount histopathology. Characteristics of clinical and biopsy pathology variables were included in univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to identify risk factors for the prediction of favorable pathologic response on final pathology. IDC-P was identified to be present on biopsy pathology of 35 patients (41.2%) while favorable pathologic responses were confirmed in 25 patients (29.4%). Initial prostate-specific antigen (PSA) (OR 3.592, 95% CI 1.176–10.971, P = 0.025) and the presence of IDC-P on biopsy pathology (OR 3.837, 95% CI 1.234–11.930, P = 0.020) were found to be significantly associated with favorable pathologic response in multivariate logistic regression analysis. IDC-P on biopsy pathology was found to be an independent risk factor to predict a poor pathology response of primary CaP to neoadjuvant therapies.