Growth and characterization of piperazine oxalic acid monochloride semiorganic NLO single crystals

Piperazine oxalic acid hydrochloride (POC) single crystal has been grown by the gradual evaporation technique with distilled water. XRD diffraction was examined structures and crystalline quality. UV–Vis–NIR spectrum analysis was performed to evaluate the grown crystals optical transparency and band gap respectively. FTIR analysis was performed to analyze the vibrational modes of different functional groups of the crystal. The stability and decomposition features were determined using TG/DTG analysis. The refractive index has been determined by using the prism coupling technique. POC was subjected to Hirshfeld surface analysis in order to find intermolecular interactions. Dielectric property investigations were carried out at various temperatures, and the mechanical behaviour was investigated using the Vickers microhardness technique. The laser-damaged threshold value of the grown crystal was found. The second and third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) efficiency was measured for POC crystal.