计算机科学
残余物
水印
估计员
控制理论(社会学)
卡尔曼滤波器
背景(考古学)
重放攻击
数字水印
算法
有界函数
不变(物理)
公制(单位)
数学优化
人工智能
数学
图像(数学)
认证(法律)
计算机安全
控制(管理)
数学物理
古生物学
数学分析
统计
运营管理
经济
生物
作者
Carlos Trapiello,Vicenç Puig
出处
期刊:IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica
[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]
日期:2022-11-01
卷期号:9 (11): 1924-1938
被引量:8
标识
DOI:10.1109/jas.2022.105944
摘要
This paper suggests the use of zonotopes for the design of watermark signals.The proposed approach exploits the recent analogy found between stochastic and zonotopic-based estimators to propose a deterministic counterpart to current approaches that study the replay attack in the context of stationary Gaussian processes.In this regard, the zonotopic analogous case where the control loop is closed based on the estimates of a zonotopic Kalman filter (ZKF) is analyzed.This formulation allows to propose a new performance metric that is related to the Frobenius norm of the prediction zonotope.Hence, the steadystate operation of the system can be related with the size of the minimal Robust Positive Invariant set of the estimation error.Furthermore, analogous expressions concerning the impact that a zonotopic/Gaussian watermark signal has on the system operation are derived.Finally, a novel zonotopically bounded watermark signal that ensures the attack detection by causing the residual vector to exit the healthy residual set during the replay phase of the attack is introduced.The proposed approach is illustrated in simulation using a quadruple-tank process.
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