The Simulation Model of a Disk Tree-Planting Machine

To carry out artificial reforestation, it is necessary to use mechanized means – tree-planting machines. The lack of domestic tree-planting machines is one of the problems of artificial reforestation in Russia. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the design parameters of a tree-planting machine with a disk operating device. To achieve this goal, the use of modern software environments is required with the possibility of full consideration of all factors affecting the machine. In the course of this research, a solid model of a tree-planting machine has been developed by means of a computer-aided design system. The “Universal Mechanism 9.1” software package, designed for modeling the dynamics and kinematics of mechanical systems, has been chosen as a computational environment studying the parameters of the model. Only the input values for the simulation model have been introduced into the software package, since the mathematical apparatus is embedded in the core of the program. Using the software package, a simulation model of a tree-planting machine has been created, taking into account both the interaction of the machine links and the discrete contact interaction of the seedling with the machine and the soil. A computational experiment has been carries out and the kinematic and dynamic parameters of the tree-planting machine have been established, in which the feeder would not interfere with the free fallout of the briquette with the seedling. The geometric parameters of the mechanism have been determined to match the cam profile with its movement along with the disk and the operation of the roller tappet so that the grippers install the briquette with the seedling into the soil in a timely manner. The trajectory of movement of the briquette with the seedling has been found. With the help of FDM 3D-printing, a full-size model of a disk planting apparatus has been made, and a laboratory experiment has been conducted to establish the required torque on the hub of the planting apparatus disk and the shaft of the drum. The results of the experiment have confirmed the adequacy of the developed simulation model.