神经影像学
功能近红外光谱
意识的神经相关物
大脑活动与冥想
心理学
最小意识状态
获得性脑损伤
持续植物状态
意识
神经功能成像
认知
静息状态功能磁共振成像
感知
神经科学
感觉加工
认知心理学
感觉系统
脑电图
康复
前额叶皮质
作者
Karnig Kazazian,Androu Abdalmalak,Sergio L. Novi,Loretta Norton,Reza Moulavi-Ardakani,Matthew Kolisnyk,Teneille Gofton,Rickson C. Mesquita,Adrian M. Owen,Derek Debicki
标识
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2402723121
摘要
Recent advancements in functional neuroimaging have demonstrated that some unresponsive patients in the intensive care unit retain a level of consciousness that is inconsistent with their behavioral diagnosis of awareness. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a portable optical neuroimaging method that can be used to measure neural activity with good temporal and spatial resolution. However, the reliability of fNIRS for detecting the neural correlates of consciousness remains to be established. In a series of studies, we evaluated whether fNIRS can record sensory, perceptual, and command-driven neural processing in healthy participants and in behaviorally nonresponsive patients. At the individual healthy subject level, we demonstrate that fNIRS can detect commonly studied resting state networks, sensorimotor processing, speech-specific auditory processing, and volitional command-driven brain activity to a motor imagery task. We then tested fNIRS with three acutely brain injured patients and found that one could willfully modulate their brain activity when instructed to imagine playing a game of tennis—providing evidence of preserved consciousness despite no observable behavioral signs of awareness. The successful application of fNIRS for detecting preserved awareness among behaviorally nonresponsive patients highlights its potential as a valuable tool for uncovering hidden cognitive states in critical care settings.
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