Iron- and Nitrogen-Modified Biochar for Nitrate Adsorption from Aqueous Solution

生物炭 吸附 热解 水溶液 物理吸附 硝酸盐 化学 吸附 无机化学 环境化学 有机化学
作者
Sohrab Haghighi Mood,Manuel Raúl Peláez-Samaniego,Yinglei Han,Kalidas Mainali,Manuel Garcı̀a-Pèrez
出处
期刊:Sustainability [MDPI AG]
卷期号:16 (13): 5733-5733 被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.3390/su16135733
摘要

Nutrient pollution poses a significant global environmental threat, and addressing this issue remains an ongoing challenge. Biochar has been identified as a potential adsorbent for environmental remediation. However, raw biochar has a low nitrate adsorption capacity; thus, biochar modification is necessary for targeted environmental applications. This work explored and compared the performance of Fe-doped, N-doped, and N-Fe-co-doped biochars from Douglas fir toward nitrate removal from an aqueous solution. A central composite experimental design was used to optimize processing variables, maximizing the surface area and nitrate adsorption capacity. Proximate analysis, elemental composition, gas physisorption, XPS, SEM, TEM, FTIR, and XRD were used to characterize the biochar’s properties. Pyrolysis under NH3 gas generated more pores in biochar than conventional pyrolysis. Doping biochar with N and Fe improved nitrate adsorption capacity from aqueous solutions. The maximum nitrate adsorption capacity of Fe-N-doped biochar produced at 800 °C was 20.67 mg g−1 in sorption tests at pH 3.0. The formation of N-containing functional groups and Fe oxides on the biochar surface enhanced the nitrate removal efficiency of N-Fe biochar. The results indicate that biochar’s adsorption capacity for NO3− is largely affected by the solution’s pH and biochar’s surface chemistry. Electrostatic attraction is the primary mechanism for nitrate adsorption.
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