Compositional engineering of phase-stable and highly efficient deep-red emitting phosphor for advanced plant lighting systems

Inorganic luminescent materials hold great promise for optoelectronic device applications, yet the limited efficiency and poor thermal stability of oxide-based deep-red emitting phosphors hinder the advancement of plant lighting technologies. Herein, a simple compositional engineering strategy is proposed to stabilize the phase, boost external quantum efficiency (EQE) and enhance thermal stability. The chemical modification of the PO₄ tetrahedron in NaMgPO₄:Eu by incorporating SiO₄ not only lowers the formation energy, leading to the generation of pure olivine phase and increasing the EQE from 27–52%, setting a record for oxide deep-red phosphors, but also introduces deep defect levels, improving the thermal stability at 150°C from 62.5–85.4%. In parallel, the excitation and emission peaks shifted to 440 nm and 665 nm, respectively, aligning precisely with the specific spectral absorption requirements of plant phytochromes. Moreover, the luminescent intensity showed nearly no decay after being exposed to 80% relative humidity and 80 ^oC for 6 hours, and the pc-LED utilizing Na_1.06MgP_0.94Si_0.06O₄:Eu achieves a high output power of 780 mW at 300 mA. Our research demonstrates a facile method for optimizing the performance of inorganic luminescent materials and provides alternative solutions for low-cost plant lighting.