Regulation of human mitogen‐activated protein kinase 15 (extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 7/8) and its functions: A recent update

Mitogen‐activated protein kinase 15 (MAPK15), originally also known as extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 7/8, is the most recently identified atypical MAPK and the least studied so far. Examinations of the role of MAPK15 in various cell lines and model systems indicate that MAPK15 participates in a variety of cellular activities such as promoting cell proliferation, cell transformation, and apoptosis; stimulating autophagy; regulating cell division, ciliogenesis, and protein secretion; and maintaining genome stability. As multiple roles of MAPK15 were observed among these studies, therefore, it remains unclear whether MAPK15 acts as a proto‐oncogene or tumor suppressor. Here, the recent literature on human MAPK15 and the resulting functions will be discussed.