Superficial and deep changes of cellular mechanical properties following cytoskeleton disassembly

诺可达唑 细胞骨架 微管 细胞松弛素D 生物 细胞生物学 肌动蛋白 细胞松弛素 共焦显微镜 肌动蛋白细胞骨架 生物物理学 微丝 福明 细胞 生物化学
作者
Sandor Kasas,Xin Wang,Harald Hirling,Robert Marsault,B. Hüni,Alexandre Yersin,Romano Regazzi,Gabriele Grenningloh,B Riederer,L. Forró,Giovanni Dietler,S. Catsicas
出处
期刊:Cytoskeleton [Wiley]
卷期号:62 (2): 124-132 被引量:147
标识
DOI:10.1002/cm.20086
摘要

The cytoskeleton, composed of actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules, is a highly dynamic supramolecular network actively involved in many essential biological mechanisms such as cellular structure, transport, movements, differentiation, and signaling. As a first step to characterize the biophysical changes associated with cytoskeleton functions, we have developed finite elements models of the organization of the cell that has allowed us to interpret atomic force microscopy (AFM) data at a higher resolution than that in previous work. Thus, by assuming that living cells behave mechanically as multilayered structures, we have been able to identify superficial and deep effects that could be related to actin and microtubule disassembly, respectively. In Cos-7 cells, actin destabilization with Cytochalasin D induced a decrease of the visco-elasticity close to the membrane surface, while destabilizing microtubules with Nocodazole produced a stiffness decrease only in deeper parts of the cell. In both cases, these effects were reversible. Cell softening was measurable with AFM at concentrations of the destabilizing agents that did not induce detectable effects on the cytoskeleton network when viewing the cells with fluorescent confocal microscopy. All experimental results could be simulated by our models. This technology opens the door to the study of the biophysical properties of signaling domains extending from the cell surface to deeper parts of the cell. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 62:124–132, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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