A Clinical Profile of Patients with Hyperuricemia and the Relationship between Hyperuricemia and Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study at a Tertiary Hospital in the Indian Population.

Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of interrelated risk factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus. The increase in prevalence of hyperuricemia was considered to be directly related to increasing incidence of obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in developing and developed countries. Hyperuricemia is defined as serum uric acid of 6.0mg/dl and 7.0mg/dl for females and males respectively.To study correlation of hyperuricemia with metabolic syndrome or its components.An observational, cross sectional single centre study with 316 patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria was carried out.Out of 316 patients, 202 (63.9%) were males and 114 (36.1%) were females. 138(43.7%) were from rural areas and 178 (56.3%) were from urban areas. 126 (39.9%) patients had an active lifestyle and 190 (60.1%) had a sedentary lifestyle. Mean waist circumference among114 females was 82.10 cm and among men was 87.07cm. 113 patients fulfilled the criteria for central obesity with the mean uric acid level of 8.14 mg/dl (p=0.001); Mean uric acid level of patients without central obesity was 7.36 mg/dl. 99 (31.33%) fulfilled the criteria for hypertriglyceridemia with mean s.uric acid level 8.24mg/dl (p=0.0440). 124 had elevated blood pressure with mean s.uric acid 8.28 mg/dl (p=0.004). Patients with normal blood pressure had a mean value of s. uric acid 7.86 mg/dl. 33.44% fulfilled the criteria for metabolic syndrome (41.23%of total females and 32.10% of total males). Odds ratio was 1.28 and 0.864 for females and males respectively.Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with hyperuricemia was 35.4%. More common in females than males. Hyperuricemia is more prevalent in patients with a sedentary lifestyle. Hyperuricemia positively correlates with central obesity, blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia. Hence, it is of utmost importance to screen patients of hyperuricemia for metabolic syndrome or its components to prevent mortality and morbidity associated with CVDs.