病毒病机
生物
病毒
发病机制
病毒进入
病毒复制
免疫系统
受体
病毒学
模式识别受体
免疫学
先天免疫系统
遗传学
作者
Oliver Viera‐Segura,Evelyn Rivera-Toledo,Fernanda Ávila-Horta,Julio Y. Anaya-Covarrubias,Fela Mendlovic
出处
期刊:Viral Immunology
[Mary Ann Liebert]
日期:2022-03-23
卷期号:35 (3): 175-191
被引量:3
标识
DOI:10.1089/vim.2021.0167
摘要
Scavenger receptors (SR) are not only pattern recognition receptors involved in the immune response against pathogens but are also important receptors exploited by different virus to enter host cells, and thus represent targets for antiviral therapy. The high mutation rates of viruses, as well as their small genomes are partly responsible for the high rates of virus resistance and effective treatments remain a challenge. Most currently approved formulations target viral-encoded factors. Nevertheless, host proteins may function as additional targets. Thus, there is a need to explore and develop new strategies aiming at cellular factors involved in virus replication and host cell entry. SR-virus interactions have implications in the pathogenesis of several viral diseases and in adenovirus-based vaccination and gene transfer technologies, and may function as markers of severe progression. Inhibition of SR could reduce adenoviral uptake and improve gene therapy and vaccination, as well as reduce pathogenesis. In this review, we will examine the crucial role of SR play in cell entry of different types of human virus, which will allow us to further understand their role in protection and pathogenesis and its potential as antiviral molecules. The recent discovery of SR-B1 as co-factor of SARS-Cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) entry is also discussed. Further fundamental research is essential to understand molecular interactions in the dynamic virus-host cell interplay through SR for rational design of therapeutic strategies.
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