胰岛素抵抗
胰岛素
神经发生
痴呆
神经科学
骨骼肌
脂肪组织
医学
认知功能衰退
阿尔茨海默病
糖尿病
内科学
内分泌学
疾病
心理学
作者
Steven K. Malin,Nathan Stewart,Andrew A. Ude,Brandon L. Alderman
标识
DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00375.2022
摘要
Exercise has systemic health benefits in people, in part, through improving whole body insulin sensitivity. The brain is an insulin-sensitive organ that is often underdiscussed relative to skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. Although brain insulin action may have only subtle impacts on peripheral regulation of systemic glucose homeostasis, it is important for weight regulation as well as mental health. In fact, brain insulin signaling is also involved in processes that support healthy cognition. Furthermore, brain insulin resistance has been associated with age-related declines in memory and executive function as well as Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Herein, we provide an overview of brain insulin sensitivity in relation to cognitive function from animal and human studies, with particular emphasis placed on the impact exercise may have on brain insulin sensitivity. Mechanisms discussed include mitochondrial function, brain growth factors, and neurogenesis, which collectively help combat obesity-related metabolic disease and Alzheimer’s dementia.
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