Longitudinal trajectories of handgrip strength and their association with motoric cognitive risk syndrome in older adults

To identify heterogeneous developmental trajectories of handgrip strength (HGS) in Chinese older adults and to explore the relationship between different developmental trajectories and motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR). We used three waves of longitudinal data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2015, which involved 3,773 older adults. Growth mixture modeling (GMM) was used to estimate trajectory classes for HGS, followed by binary logistic regression to explore the association between trajectory classes and MCR. GMM analyses extracted four distinct trajectories of HGS: low level-declining group (16.0%), upper middle level group (30.9%), high level-steady group (9.5%), and lower middle level group (43.6%). In addition, we found that even after adjusting for important covariates, the odds of MCR prevalence were lower in the medium level-high group, high level-steady group, and medium level-low group compared with the low level-declining group. Appreciable heterogeneity in HGS among older people in China was revealed. Only 9.5% of older people with HGS in the high level-steady group. And poorer grip strength levels mean a higher risk of MCR. Therefore, interventions should be taken to maintain muscle mass and thus prevent MCR in older adults.