Green synthesized carbon quantum dots as chemiluminescence sensor for sulfanilamide detection

N–S co-doped quantum carbon dots (N–S-CQD) were synthesized using a hydrothermal method with Artemisia annua L. as a precursor and dl-cysteine as the nitrogen-sulfur source. N–S-CQD can enhance the chemiluminescence (CL) intensity of KMnO4 system, while sulfanilamide (SA) is capable of significantly inhibit the CL intensity of KMnO4-(N–S-CQD) system. Based on this finding, we developed a novel CL method for the determination of SA. Under the optimal conditions, SA could be accurately determined in the concentration range of 50–1600 μM with a limit of detection of 0.22 μM. The investigation of potential interferences and recovery rates confirmed the method's suitability for assessing biomass samples.