An Overview of the Synthetic Routes and Pharmacological Aspects of Pyridine, Isoxazole, Thiazole, and Indole Derivatives

Heterocyclic compounds, which are a privileged class of molecules with both natural and pharmacological value, plays an essential role in drug development. Research interest on heterocycles increasing rapidly due to the extensive pharmacological efficacy as more than 90% of novel drugs contain heterocycles. Nitrogen heterocyclic compounds, which are structural units of essential bioactive chemicals such as antibiotics, vitamins, hormones, etc, are more prevalent in nature than other types of heterocyclic ring systems. This analysis of the literature may provide a chance for chemists to develop innovative derivatives of heterocycles and their derivatives that have been demonstrated to be useful and safe agents in improving biological and industrial life quality.