Nutritional, biochemical, and clinical determinants of hyperuricemia in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Relationship with clinical and renal disease activity

高尿酸血症 医学 内科学 痛风 尿酸 胃肠病学 风险因素 内分泌学
作者
Bertha Campos-López,Mónica R Meza-Meza,Karen Pesqueda-Cendejas,Adolfo I Ruiz-Ballesteros,Melissa Rivera-Escoto,Juan Manuel Vargas-Morales,Isela Parra-Rojas,Paulina E Mora-García,Barbara Vizmanos,Margarita Montoya-Buelna,Sergio Cerpa-Cruz,Ulises De la Cruz-Mosso
出处
期刊:Lupus [SAGE Publishing]
卷期号:32 (2): 270-283
标识
DOI:10.1177/09612033221146923
摘要

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototypical autoimmune disease considered as an independent risk factor for mortality by cardiovascular disease. Currently, uric acid is described as a novel biomarker associated with cardiometabolic risk. However, nutritional and serum determinants that influence hyperuricemia development in autoimmune diseases have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to assess the nutritional, biochemical, and cardiometabolic determinants of hyperuricemia and its relationship with clinical variables in SLE patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 167 SLE patients and 195 control subjects (CS). Nutrient intake, anthropometry, biochemical, and cardiometabolic indexes were evaluated. In SLE patients, adequate protein (OR = 0.4; p = 0.04) and carbohydrate (OR = 0.2; p = 0.01) intakes were associated with a lower risk of hyperuricemia. SLE patients with hyperuricemia presented a higher risk of clinical (OR = 2.2; p = 0.03) and renal activity (OR = 3.4; p < 0.01), as well as triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL (OR = 3.6; p < 0.01), hs-CRP ≥1 mg/L (OR = 3.1; p < 0.01), Kannel score ≥3 (OR = 2.5; p = 0.02), and BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 (OR = 2.2; p = 0.02). Oppositely, serum levels of HDL-C ≥40 mg/dL (OR = 0.2; p < 0.01) were associated with a lower risk of hyperuricemia. According to the pharmacotherapy administered, prednisone treatment was associated with a high risk of hyperuricemia (OR = 4.7; p < 0.001). In contrast, the hydroxychloroquine treatment was associated with a lower risk of hyperuricemia (OR = 0.4; p = 0.02). In conclusion, SLE patients with hyperuricemia presented a high risk of clinical and renal activity as well as worse cardiometabolic status. Notably, an adequate intake of protein, carbohydrates, healthy HDL-C serum levels, and hydroxychloroquine treatment could be determinants of lower risk of hyperuricemia.

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