From Adhesion to Invasion: The Multifaceted Roles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lipoproteins

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which poses a significant threat to human health . Lipoproteins are predominantly found in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell wall during infection of the invading host. The cell wall interacts closely with the host cell in direct contact .The Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome encodes at least 99 lipoproteins with diverse functions, including ABC transport, cell wall metabolism, adhesion, cell invasion, and signal transduction, among others .Different lipoproteins play important roles in bacterial survival, infection of host cells, vaccine development and gene regulation for drug targeting . Although only a subset of these lipoproteins has been functionally investigated, most of them require further study . This review summarizes the progress of research related to the synthesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoproteins and their involvement in the functions of material transport, immune response, virulence mechanism, vaccine development, signaling, enzyme and drug regulation .