Cooperative hydrogen- and halogen-bonding interaction promoted deep eutectic solvent-functionalized magnetic metal-organic framework for perfluoroalkyl iodides detection in edible oils

In this study, a new deep eutectic solvent (DES)-functionalized magnetic metal-organic framework (MOF) was synthesized and used as an adsorbent for the detection of perfluoroalkyl iodides (PFAIs) in edible oils. A sensitive method was developed using UiO-66-NH2@DES-based magnetic solid-phase extraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (MSPE-GC-MS). Important parameters, including different adsorbents, methanol extraction times, adsorbent amounts, and magnetic solid-phase extraction time, were systematically investigated to achieve the best extraction efficiency. Under optimized conditions, the proposed method showed high sensitivity with satisfactory methodology recovery (relative standard deviation ranged from 3.00 to 19.4%) and a limit of detection of 2.81–34.3 pg g−1. The method was successfully used for analyzing PFAIs in different edible oils, and the targets were detected in several samples in the concentration range of 212.9–3053 pg g−1. The halogen and hydrogen bonds presented a synergistic mechanism clarified via quantum-chemistry calculations, which is beneficial to the enrichment of PFAIs. This study demonstrates the first example of designing function-oriented DES-based materials for trace food contaminant analysis.