Effects of treatment with Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist on prediabetes with overweight/obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist (GLP‐1RA) on prediabetes with overweight/ obesity. Methods A search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was performed to identify randomised controlled trials (up to 4 July 2022) which evaluated the effect of GLP‐1RA on prediabetes with overweight/ obesity. Results Eight hundred and nine articles were retrieved (80 from PubMed, 481 from Embase, 137 from Cochrane library, and 111 from Web of Science) and a total of 5 articles were included in this meta‐analysis. More individuals in GLP‐1RAs group regressed from prediabetes to normoglycemia than individuals in the placebo group (OR = 4.56, 95% CI:3.58, 5.80, P = 0.004); fewer individuals in GLP‐1RAs group were diagnosed with diabetes than those in the placebo group (OR = 0.31, 95% CI:0.12,0.81, P = 0.017). Results from five studies showed that GLP‐1RAs significantly reduced fasting glucose (mean difference = −0.41 mmol/L, 95% CI: −0.58, −0.25, P < 0.00001), with an acceptable heterogeneity (I 2 = 42%). Conclusions The present meta‐analysis suggested that GLP‐1RA significantly improves glucose metabolism, reduces systolic blood pressure and body weight in prediabetes with overweight/ obesity. It could also prevent the development of diabetes and reverse abnormal glucose metabolism.