Parenting styles and Big Five personality traits among adolescents: A meta-analysis

The present meta-analysis tested the associations between parenting styles and Big Five personality traits; N = 11,061 adolescents in 28 studies were included. The results provided evidence that authoritative parenting style was positively associated with openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness and negatively related to neuroticism. A positive association was also found between authoritarian parenting style and neuroticism. Indifferent or neglectful parenting style was negatively associated with conscientiousness and agreeableness and positively with neuroticism. Several factors moderated the relationships between specific parenting styles and personality traits, including age, ethnicity/racial background, and mode of assessment. The study provides evidence that parenting styles are important correlates of personality traits among adolescents.