Efficient remediation of soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons using sustainable plant-derived surfactants

化学 环境修复 十四烷 土壤污染 肺表面活性物质 萃取(化学) 生物降解 临界胶束浓度 吸附 十六烷 吸附 环境化学 土壤水分 有机化学 胶束 污染 水溶液 土壤科学 生物 生物化学 环境科学 生态学
作者
Nan Zhang,Yi Yang,Jiacheng Wu,Chunjie Xu,Yue Ma,Yinqing Zhang,Lingyan Zhu
出处
期刊:Environmental Pollution [Elsevier]
卷期号:337: 122566-122566 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122566
摘要

Surfactant-enhanced multiphase extraction is recognized as an effective method to remove petroleum related contaminants from soil. Owing to the high biodegradability and low biotoxicity, plant-derived surfactants are considered as promising alternatives to synthetic surfactants. In this study, two plant surfactants were respectively extracted from Sapindus mukorossi (PS-1) and Fructus Gleditsiae sinensis (PS-2). Component analysis and chemical structure characterization indicated that triterpenoid saponins were the main components of both plant surfactants. The removal efficiency of tetradecane by PS-1 and PS-2 was 75.6% and 62.2%, respectively, which was comparable with that by Tween-80. The results were validated by column leaching experiments. The abundant hydroxyl, aldehyde and epoxy groups in the plant surfactants made them readily self-assemble to form micelles via hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions, which promoted the solubilization of tetradecane in the liquid phase, particularly at appropriate ionic strength and temperature. Due to the reduced electrostatic attraction by the acidic and ionizable functional groups in the plant surfactants, their sorption capacities (0.15 and 0.24 g1-n Ln·kg-1 for PS-1 and PS-2, respectively) onto the soil were much lower than that of Tween-80, making them much easier to be extracted from contaminated soil. This study would deepen our understanding to improve the performances of plant surfactants in petroleum hydrocarbons-contaminated soil remediation.
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