Empathy incites a stable prosocial decision bias

亲社会行为 移情 功能磁共振成像 心理学 扣带回前部 心理化 互惠(文化人类学) 社会心理学 发展心理学 认知 神经科学
作者
Anne Saulin,Yina Ma,Grit Hein
出处
期刊:Cerebral Cortex [Oxford University Press]
卷期号:34 (7)
标识
DOI:10.1093/cercor/bhae272
摘要

Abstract Empathy toward suffering individuals serves as potent driver for prosocial behavior. However, it remains unclear whether prosociality induced by empathy for another person’s pain persists once that person’s suffering diminishes. To test this, participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a binary social decision task that involved allocation of points to themselves and another person. In block one, participants completed the task after witnessing frequent painful stimulation of the other person, and in block two, after observing low frequency of painful stimulation. Drift-diffusion modeling revealed an increased initial bias toward making prosocial decisions in the first block compared with baseline that persisted in the second block. These results were replicated in an independent behavioral study. An additional control study showed that this effect may be specific to empathy as stability was not evident when prosocial decisions were driven by a social norm such as reciprocity. Increased neural activation in dorsomedial prefrontal cortex was linked to empathic concern after witnessing frequent pain and to a general prosocial decision bias after witnessing rare pain. Altogether, our findings show that empathy for pain elicits a stable inclination toward making prosocial decisions even as their suffering diminishes.
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