Simultaneous determination of simvastatin and its hydroxy acid form in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection

Simvastatin (SV), an analogue of lovastatin, is the lactone form of 1′,2′,6′,7′,8′,8a′-hexahydro-3,5-dihydroxy-2′,6′-dimethyl-8′(2″,2″-dimethyl-1″-oxobutoxy)-1′-naphthalene-heptanoic acid (SVA) which lowers plasma cholesterol by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase. A fast, simple and accurate method for determining SV and SVA concentrations in human plasma has been developed and validated for use in the analysis of plasma samples from patients and healthy volunteers. This method involves an extraction procedure using a mixture of acetonitrile—water and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The procedure was linear from 20 to 1000 ng ml−1 for SV and from 25 to 1000 ng ml−1 for SVA, respectively. The method was accurate with relative errors of 5.0, 2.1 and 3.2% for human plasma controls containing 50, 250 and 500 ng ml−1 of SV, respectively. The corresponding precision was 2.3, 1.8 and 1.0% (RSD %). Similarly, relative standard deviations less than 2.3% and relative errors of less than 5.2% were obtained from human plasma controls containing SVA at identical concentrations. The method is suitable for pharmacology and pharmacokinetic studies of simvastatin.