Effect of molecular weight on the pyrolysis characteristics of alkali lignin

The effects of molecular weight on the pyrolysis products properties of alkali lignin were investigated by using thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (TG-FTIR) and tube furnace. Four lignin samples, including pure alkali lignin (AL), more than 10 kDa lignin fraction (AL-10kDa), 5–10 kDa lignin fraction (AL-5kDa) and 1–5 kDa lignin fraction (AL-1kDa) were firstly prepared by ultrafiltration membrane technology. Then the thermal behavior and volatile evolution patterns of the four lignin samples were investigated by TG-FTIR, and the component properties of condensable and incondensable products obtained from tube furnace were characterized by the gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) and gas chromatography (GC). TG-FTIR results indicated that the molecular weight of lignin was not significantly affected on the evolution temperature ranges and volatile product species, while has an obviously effect on the total yields of CH4, CO2, phenols and aromatics products. GC/MS and GC results indicated that low molecular weight helps to crack the methoxy groups of lignin leading to the yields of CH4, CO, CO2, phenol and alkyl phenol increased, while high molecular weight favored the generation of guaiacol and alkyl guaiacol. Meanwhile, the effect of molecular weight on the yields of aromatics was also affected by the pyrolysis temperature.