纳米医学
纳米载体
多重耐药
癌症治疗
纳米技术
纳米囊
医学
药理学
癌症
药物输送
材料科学
抗药性
纳米颗粒
生物
内科学
微生物学
作者
Élise Lepeltier,Patrícia Rijo,Flavio Rizzolio,Rachela Popovtzer,Vilma Petrikaitė,Yehuda G. Assaraf,Catherine Passirani
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.drup.2020.100704
摘要
Nanomedicine employs nanotechnologies to develop innovative applications, and more specifically nano-objects in the field of human health, through exploitation of the physical, chemical and biological properties of materials at the nanoscale. The use of nanovehicles capable of transporting and releasing the active therapeutic payload into target cells, particularly in the case of cancer or inflammatory diseases, can also enhance diagnosis. Therefore, nanomedicines improve the benefit/risk ratio of drugs by increasing their bioavailability, selectivity, and efficacy in the target tissue, while reducing the necessary doses and hence diminishing untoward toxicity to healthy tissues. Overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) to antitumor agents is a central goal of cancer research and therapeutics, making it possible to treat these diseases more accurately and effectively. The adaptability of nanomedicines e.g. modulation of their components, surface functionalization, encapsulation of various active therapeutics as well as the possibility of combining several treatments using a single nanoparticle platform, are characteristics which are perfectly poised to address classical chemoresistance, a major obstacle towards curative cancer therapy. In this review, we discuss an assortment of nanomedicines along with those that should be developed in order to surmount cancer MDR; these include exosomes, natural compounds, lipid nanocapsules, prodrug self-assemblies, and gold nanoparticles.
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