Endoscopic bariatric and metabolic therapies for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic progressive parenchymal liver disease with strong pathophysiological underpinnings to adiposity-based chronic disease or obesity. One of the hallmarks of the disease is an insulin-resistant state driven by increased body fat promoting adipose tissue dysfunction, a chronic inflammatory state, altered gut mucosal barrier and microbiome, and permissive abnormal signaling between the central nervous system and peripheral metabolic organs.