Sustainable fish production in Egypt: towards strategic management for capture-based aquaculture

Abstract This study assessed the sustainability of capture-based aquaculture (CBA) practices in Egypt, identified challenges, and proposed solutions to enhance sustainability. It relied on published data and studies, revealing that these practices are globally widespread for cultivating a diverse range of marine and freshwater species based on wild seed collection. The assessment showed that these practices in Egypt cultivate a variety of fish species. In 2021, they contributed to approximately 34% of the total aquaculture production, amounting to an estimated value of USD 1.476 billion, representing about 57% of the total value of the aquaculture sector. Additionally, these practices provided around 106,022 full-time jobs. Official fishery statistics have not indicated any negative impact of CBA on fish stocks over the past 30 years. Measures aimed at enhancing the sustainability of these practices included granting licenses for the collection of wild seeds for specific species under specific regulations. Facilitating licensing procedures for hatcheries, providing incentives, and promoting farmers’ preferences for hatchery seed were also part of these measures. Furthermore, these actions include facilitating access to financing under favorable conditions, selective breeding, training hatchery workers in best management practices, implementing biosecurity measures, and establishing an accurate statistical system. The implementation of the proposed plan to transition from capture-based aquaculture to hatchery-based aquaculture will contribute to achieving sustainability for both aquaculture and fisheries.