材料科学
阳极
复合数
聚丙烯腈
锂(药物)
电解质
电化学
阴极
复合材料
电极
金属锂
碳纤维
电池(电)
化学工程
纳米技术
化学
内分泌学
物理化学
工程类
功率(物理)
物理
聚合物
医学
量子力学
作者
Sicen Yu,Shen Wang,Qiushi Miao,Zeyu Hui,Gayea Hyun,John Holoubek,Xiaolu Yu,Junwei Gao,Haodong Liu
标识
DOI:10.1002/aenm.202302400
摘要
Abstract In lithium metal batteries, non‐uniform stripping of lithium results in pit formation, which promotes subsequent non‐uniform, dendritic deposition. This viscous cycle leads to pulverization of lithium which promotes cell shorting or capacity degradation, symptoms further exaggerated by high electrode areal loading and lean electrolytes. To address this challenge, a composite lithium metal anode is engineered that contains uniformly distributed, nanometer‐sized carbon particles. This composite lithium is shown to strip more uniformly since the growth of non‐uniform pits is intercepted by the carbon particles. This mechanism is corroborated by a continuum electrochemical model. Subsequent lithium deposition on carbon particles is also found to be more uniform than on the surface with irregular pits. Notably, the pulverization rate of composite lithium is 26 times slower than that of commercial lithium. Moreover, in a Li‐S battery with sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathode, the use of the composite anode extends the cycle life by three times when the areal capacity is 8 mAh cm −2 . The approach of using an engineered lithium composite structure to address challenges during both stripping and plating can inform future designs of lithium metal anodes for high areal capacity operations.
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