Optimization air-conditioning system and thermal management of data center via fan-wall free cooling technology

For data centers located in mild climate areas, the free cooling technology of the fan-wall air supply has great potential. However, there is currently little research on the optimization of air-conditioning system structural parameters and rack heat management in data centers using this technology. This paper studies the optimal design parameters of the internal structure of the air-conditioning system and determines the variation regularity of the inlet and outlet temperatures of the rack through the construction of a similar model for a fan-wall data center. The results show that: (1) The average supply heat index of the sieve with porosity of 60% is reduced by 57.5% and 50.3% compared to others, the average supply heat index of the fan-to-sieve distance of 35cm is reduced by 51.1% and 22.9% compared to others, and the average supply heat index of the fan wall arrangement in one column is reduced by 54.1% and 22.7% compared to others. (2) The two racks closest to the air supply port have the sharpest inlet temperature fluctuations, and the inlet temperature has stabilized from the third rack as the distance increases. (3) Hot spots in fan-wall data centers tend to occur in the lower part of the rack, and as the height decreases, the temperature of the inlet air increases.