Wireless Compact Neural Interface for Freely Moving Animal Subjects: A Review on Wireless Neural Interface SoC Designs

Neural interfaces play an important role in vital sign monitoring [1] , clinical practice [2] , and neuroscience frontier research [3] using animal subjects, such as rodents and nonhuman primates [4] , [5] . Recently, neuroscientists have shown increasing interest in behavioral analysis of social situations with a single or multiple freely moving animals, which has been listed as a key investment by the NIH in 2023 [6] . Among those popular laboratory animals, marmosets are increasingly favored by researchers because of their small size, short sexual maturity, complex social patterns, and similarity to human beings [7] , [8] . A number of marmoset social behaviors, such as gaze following [9] , antiphonal calling [10] , and scent marking [11] , have been studied with neural signal acquisition and/or stimulation to affect the behavior of the freely moving marmoset at the same time.