A review on eco-friendly basalt fibers, their composites and applications

This study presents a comprehensive overview of basalt fibers (BFs) and their composites, highlighting their physical and thermal properties, manufacturing techniques, and diverse applications in various industries. This review aims to explore the potential of BFs as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative to traditional fibers such as glass, carbon, and aramid. With the need for sustainable and high-performance materials that can be used in diverse applications while reducing environmental impact, the study discusses the excellent physical and thermal properties of BFs compared to other fibers, including their competitive tensile strength and thermal stability, making them well-suited for fire protection and thermal insulation applications. The study also presents various manufacturing techniques for producing BFs, such as spinneret, centrifugal multirole, and melt-blow. Each technique produces BFs with different characteristics, offering the flexibility to tailor the fibers for specific applications. The findings of this study reveal that BFs effectively improve the mechanical properties of composites, including flexural strength, fracture energy, and resistance to cracking. BFs also demonstrate enhanced durability, corrosion resistance, and reduced weight compared to traditional materials, making them ideal for construction, automotive, aerospace, and marine applications. Lastly, this study highlights the potential of BFs and their composites as a viable and sustainable option for a wide range of industries. As the global focus on sustainability and green technology increases, BFs are projected to gain momentum as a promising material. With ongoing research and innovations in manufacturing techniques, the applications of BFs are likely to expand, paving the way for developing lightweight, high-performance, and eco-friendly materials in various sectors.