Enhancing the efficiency and stability of inverted perovskite solar cells by using 6-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid as a potent defect passivator

Incorporating 6-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinic acid into a perovskite precursor enhances the photovoltaic performance and stability of perovskite solar cells through multidentate coordination, controlled crystallization, and a significant reduction in non-radiative recombination centers.