A systematic review of cardiovascular toxicities induced by cancer immune therapies: underlying mechanisms, clinical manifestations and therapeutic approaches

癌症 医学 免疫系统 重症监护医学 机制(生物学) 生物信息学 免疫学 内科学 生物 哲学 认识论
作者
Li Liu,Wentao Yao,Sheng Wang,Baohui Wang,Fanming Kong,Zhongguo Fan,Guanwei Fan
出处
期刊:Seminars in Cancer Biology [Elsevier]
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.10.004
摘要

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the management of various types of cancers, even those previously deemed untreatable. Nonetheless, these medications have been associated with inflammation and damage across various organs. These challenges are exemplified by the adverse cardiovascular impacts of cancer immunotherapy, which need comprehensive understanding, clarification, and management integrated into the overall care of cancer patients. Numerous anticancer immunotherapies have been linked to the prevalence and severity of cardiovascular toxicity. These challenges emphasize the importance of conducting fundamental and applied research to elucidate disease causes, discover prognostic indicators, enhance diagnostic methods, and create successful therapies. Despite the acknowledged importance of T cells, there remains a knowledge gap regarding the inciting antigens, the reasons for their recognition, and the mechanisms of how they contribute to cardiac cell injury. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanism, epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology and corresponding treatment of cardiovascular toxicity induced by immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), adoptive cell therapies (ACT), and bi-specific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) among others. By elucidating these aspects, we aim to provide a better understanding of immunotherapies in cancer treatment and offer guidance for their clinical application.
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