Behavioral and biochemical effects of environmental concentrations of caffeine in zebrafish after long-term exposure

Caffeine (CAF) is widely detected in aquatic environments, serving as an indicator of anthropogenic contamination. Its high consumption, and persistence raise environmental concerns. This study was to evaluate the chronic effects in terms of growth rate, weight, behavior, and biochemical parameters of environmental concentrations of CAF on adult zebrafish. Adult zebrafish were exposed, for 30 d, to 0, 0.5, 1.5, and 300 µg L