Fabrication strategies of metal–organic frameworks derivatives for catalytic aqueous pollutants elimination

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) derivatives have attracted widespread attentions due to their outstanding merits like large BET surface area, tunable porosity, unsaturated active sites inherited from MOFs precursors and higher water/thermal stability. Up to now, MOFs derivatives, as emerging catalytic materials with above-mentioned merits, were widely applied in catalytic removal pollutants from water. This review systematically summarized the fabrication strategies of MOFs derivatives (metal oxides, metal–carbon composites, metal sulfides, metal phosphides, metal selenides, metal nitrides and metal free carbon materials), in which the relationships between the various factors in different preparation methods (pyrolysis, sulfuration, phosphorization and selenylation) and the physicochemical property of MOFs derivatives was clarified. The recent progress of MOFs derivatives for catalytic aqueous pollutants removal was highlighted. Furthermore, the reaction mechanisms and unique features of various catalysis processes over MOFs derivatives for pollutants removal were summarized in detail. As well, the immobilized MOFs derivatives on some specific structure accomplished continuous operation for catalytic removal pollutants were presented. Finally, the outlooks of the preparation of MOFs derivatives and applications in catalytic removal pollutants were proposed.