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Heavy metal tolerance in microalgae: Detoxification mechanisms and applications

环境科学 生物累积 生物吸附 Mercury(编程语言) 生物修复 生物炭 环境修复 污染物 重金属 生物燃料 生物能源 环境化学 生化工程 废物管理 污染 化学 生态学 生物 吸附 热解 计算机科学 工程类 有机化学 程序设计语言 吸附
作者
Manami Chakravorty,Manisha Nanda,Bhawana Bisht,Ram Krishan Sharma,Sanjay Kumar,Abhilasha Mishra,Mikhail S. Vlaskin,Pankaj Kumar Chauhan,Vinod Kumar
出处
期刊:Aquatic Toxicology [Elsevier]
卷期号:260: 106555-106555
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106555
摘要

The proficiency of microalgae to resist heavy metals has potential to be beneficial in resolving various environmental challenges. Global situations such as the need for cost-effective and ecological ways of remediation of contaminated water and for the development of bioenergy sources could employ microalgae. In a medium with the presence of heavy metals, microalgae utilize different mechanisms to uptake the metal and further detoxify it. Biosorption and the next process of bioaccumulation are two such major steps and they also include the assistance of different transporters at different stages of heavy metal tolerance. This capability has also proved to be efficient in eradicating many heavy metals like Chromium, Copper, Lead, Arsenic, Mercury, Nickel and Cadmium from the environment they are present in. This indicates the possibility of the application of microalgae as a biological way of remediating contaminated water. Heavy metal resistance quality also allows various microalgal species to contribute in the generation of biofuels like biodiesel and biohydrogen. Many research works have also explored the capacity of microalgae in nanotechnology for the formation of nanoparticles due to its relevant characteristics. Various studies have also revealed that biochar deduced from microalgae or a combination of biochar and microalgae can have wide applications specially in deprivation of heavy metals from an environment. This review focuses on the strategies adopted by microalgae, various transporters involved in the process of tolerating heavy metals and the applications where microalgae can participate owing to its ability to resist metals.
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