Aqueous two-phase emulsions toward biologically relevant applications

Abstract

Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) are formed by the phase separation of immiscible aqueous solutions with above-critical concentrations. Particularly, ATPS emulsions have been demonstrated to exhibit significant potential in a wide variety of biomedical applications because of their remarkable permeability, affinity partitioning, and biocompatibility. In this review, we provide comprehensive insights into ATPS emulsion droplets, covering their unique properties and fabrication methods. In addition, we summarize ATPS droplet-derived functional materials, with emphasis on protocells and microparticles, and present their applications. We believe that this review will highlight the unique characteristics of ATPS droplets towards more widespread application.