Because the vibration signals of cable reflect the dynamic characteristics of the cable-stayed cable, it is vital to identify and analyze the vibration signals of cable in bridge health monitoring. Currently, there is little research on the vibration signals of stay cables using pattern recognition algorithms. In this work, we proposed a pattern recognition algorithm combining empirical mode decomposition (EMD) with binary image and modified LeNet-5 to analyze cable vibration signals. Experimental results show that this method has good anti-noise performance and is effective for vehicle load identification.