Treatment-induced menopause symptoms among women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy in China: a comparison to age- and menopause status–matched controls

Abstract Objective Whether women with breast cancer experience more severe menopause symptoms than comparison women without a history of breast cancer diagnosis remains unclear. We aimed to investigate whether women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy experience more severe menopause symptoms than comparison women and explore various factors influencing menopause symptoms in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Methods This cross-sectional observational study recruited 423 women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy and 1,829 community women without breast cancer. All participants completed a questionnaire assessing menopause symptoms using the Menopause Rating Scale and general characteristics (eg, sociodemographic and clinical data). Propensity score matching was used to reduce the confounders between the two groups. Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square tests were used to compare the differences in menopause symptoms between the two groups. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to explore various factors influencing menopause symptoms in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Results After propensity score matching, 808 participants were included. The mean ages of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy and comparison women were 49.58 and 49.10 years, respectively. Women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy experienced significantly more severe vasomotor symptoms than comparison women. However, comparison women had higher Menopause Rating Scale scores and more severe menopause symptoms than women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Age, occupational status, chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea, family history of cancer, chemotherapy stage, mindfulness, resiliency, and illness perception were associated with menopause symptoms in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Conclusions Vasomotor symptoms are prominent among women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Understanding the factors contributing to menopause symptoms is crucial for healthcare practitioners to develop supportive guidelines for the well-being of women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.