Status of cardiovascular disease in China

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become the leading cause of death and disability in the global population and imposes a significant economic burden on global health systems.Prevalent cases of total CVD nearly doubled from 271 million in 1990 to 523 million in 2019, and the number of CVD deaths steadily increased from 12.1 million in 1990, reaching 18.6 million in 2019.The global trends for disabilityadjusted life years and years of life lost also increased significantly, and years lived with disability doubled from 17.7 million to 34.4 million over that period. [1]Middle-income countries have the highest burden of CVD, with an estimated incidence 30% higher than high-income countries; disability-adjusted life years are almost four times higher in middle-income countries than in high-income countries. [2]ow about the conditions in China?Recently, the "Report on cardiovascular health and diseases in China 2021: an updated summary" gives a description on this issue in the Journal of Geriatric Cardiology. [3]It is estimated that approximately 330 million individuals in China are affected by CVD, including 13 million strokes, 11.39 million coronary heart disease, 8.9 million heart failure, 5 million pulmonary heart disease, 4.87 million atrial fibrillation, 2.5 million rheumatic heart disease, 2 million congenital heart disease, 45.3 million peripheral artery disease, and 245 million hypertension cases.In 2019, CVD accounted for 46.74% and 44.26% of all deaths in rural and urban areas, respectively.Two out of every five deaths are due to CVD.In addition, China has a large population with risk factors, such as obesity, smoking, physical inactivity, dyslipidemia and etc.A survey among 2.7 million community-dwelling adults aged 35-75 years in the China PEACE Million Persons Project from 2014 to 2018 sh-