Multi-agent Systems: A survey about its components, framework and workflow

With the rapid technological advancements and the ever-evolving complex systems, the identification and integration of the components and resources for the functioning of multi-agent systems (MAS) are crucial tasks. However, difficulties arise due to the complexity of not having reference frameworks that normalize their implementation. Therefore, in this survey, we propose the FC-MAS (Framework-Components in Multi-Agent System) model as a conceptual framework designed to simplify comprehension and standardization in incorporating the required functions and components for the deployment and operation of MAS in engineering applications. This model comprises five abstract layers, each of which serves a specific purpose and encompasses the details and resources required to operate MAS. Furthermore, we propose a structured workflow for centralized and distributed MAS schemes with a set of related activities that integrate the fundamental steps and stages for the successful implementation of MAS. Finally, this work discusses potential directions for future research, including a deeper exploration of essential components, the establishment of terminology standards across various domains, and the refinement of the proposed model to enhance its applicability and relevance across a broader spectrum of contexts.