Proposed hydrogen kagome metal with charge density wave state and enhanced superconductivity

The d-transition kagome metals provide a novel platform for exploring correlated superconducting state intertwined with charge ordering. However, the force of charge-density-wave (CDW) and superconductivity (SC) formation, and the mechanism underlying electron pairing remain elusive. Here, utilizing our newly developed methodology based on electride states as fingerprints, we propose a novel class of hydrogen-kagome superconductors AH3Li5 (A = C, Si, P) with ideal kagome band characteristics and elucidate the electron-phonon coupling (EPC) mechanism responsible for electron pairing. The representative compressed PH3Li5 and CH3Li5 demonstrates impressive superconducting transition temperatures (Tcs) of 120.09 K and 57.18 K, respectively. Importantly, the CDW competes with SC thus resulting in a pressure-driven dome-shaped SC in CH3Li5, where the CDW order was induced by both EPC and Fermi surface nesting. Our study presents a scientific method for identifying high-Tc hydrogen-kagome metals and provides new avenues to fundamentally understand the underlying mechanism of CDW and SC, thereby guiding future experimental investigations.