Soybean Nitrogen Sources and Demand During the Seed‐Filling Period

播种 农学 氮气 生物量(生态学) 营养物 生物 野外试验 动物科学 化学 生态学 有机化学
作者
Osler A. Ortez,Santiago Tamagno,Fernando Salvagiotti,P. V. Vara Prasad,Ignacio A. Ciampitti
出处
期刊:Agronomy Journal [Wiley]
卷期号:111 (4): 1779-1787 被引量:31
标识
DOI:10.2134/agronj2018.10.0656
摘要

Core Ideas Remobilization of N from vegetative organs fulfilled 59% of seed N, driven by plant biomass at R5.5. There was a trade‐off between N remobilization and N gain, connected to plant biomass and yield. Greater yields relied on both N remobilization and N gain during seed filling. Soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed N demand not met by biological N fixation is fulfilled by N remobilization from vegetative plant organs and N uptake from soil sources during the seed‐filling period (SFP), herein termed N gain. The objectives of this study were to: (i) quantify the contribution of plant organs to N remobilization during the SFP, (ii) determine the association between N gain and N remobilization, and (iii) study the effect of seed yield in both N gain and N remobilization processes. Three field experiments were conducted in 2015 and 2016 in Kansas. Three soybean genotypes: (i) non‐Roundup Ready (RR), released in 1997; (ii) RR‐1, released in 2009; and (iii) RR‐2, released in 2014 were tested under three N rates: (i) control without N application (zero‐N); (ii) 56 kg N ha −1 applied at R3 stage (late N); and (iii) 670 kg N ha −1 (full N; three applications of 223 kg N ha −1 ) applied at planting, R1, and R3 stages. The late‐N and full‐N rates increased yields by 9% (256 kg ha −1 ) relative to the zero N. Neither genotypes nor N rates affected N gain nor N remobilization. Nitrogen remobilization accounted for 59% of seed N demand at maturity, mainly driven by biomass at R5.5, with the leaf organ as the main contributor (52%) of the total remobilized N. Nitrogen remobilization was negatively related to N gain, and increases in N gain were linked to increases in biomass and yield.
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