Liquid-liquid chromatography in enantioseparations

Modern liquid-liquid chromatography mainly refers to the following two kinds of chromatographic apparatuses: countercurrent chromatography based on hydrodynamic equilibrium systems and centrifugal partition chromatography based on hydrostatic equilibrium systems. In this paper, the recent advancements in enantioseparations by liquid-liquid chromatography, including the separation mechanism, chiral selector, two-phase solvent system, methods to improve the peak resolution and recent applications, are reviewed. The future outlook for liquid-liquid chromatography in enantioseparations is also proposed.