Blade-Coated Perovskites on Textured Silicon for 26%-Efficient Monolithic Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells

Integrating perovskites onto textured silicon provides a pathway to 30% tandem solar cells. However, deposition of 0.5–1 μm thick perovskite layers from solution onto textured silicon with typical pyramid heights of 3–10 μm remains a challenge. We propose a new tandem architecture that enables scalable, solution-based blading of perovskites onto silicon wafers textured with pyramids less than 1 μm in height. These pyramids are rough enough to scatter light within the silicon nearly as efficiently as large pyramids but smooth enough to solution-process a perovskite film. A nitrogen-assisted blading process deposits both a conformal hole transport layer and a planarizing perovskite layer that fully covers the textured silicon, at a speed of 1.5 m/min. With a textured light-scattering layer added to the top of the tandem to reduce front-surface reflectance, we achieve a perovskite/silicon tandem cell with an efficiency of 26% on textured silicon.