抗菌剂
抗生素
抗生素耐药性
生物膜
微生物学
抗菌肽
化学
肽
金黄色葡萄球菌
铜绿假单胞菌
细菌
体外
生物
抗菌活性
白色念珠菌
最小抑制浓度
生物化学
遗传学
作者
Kylen E. Ridyard,J. Marc Overhage
出处
期刊:Antibiotics
[MDPI AG]
日期:2021-05-29
卷期号:10 (6): 650-650
被引量:67
标识
DOI:10.3390/antibiotics10060650
摘要
The rise in antimicrobial resistant bacteria threatens the current methods utilized to treat bacterial infections. The development of novel therapeutic agents is crucial in avoiding a post-antibiotic era and the associated deaths from antibiotic resistant pathogens. The human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 has been considered as a potential alternative to conventional antibiotics as it displays broad spectrum antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities as well as immunomodulatory functions. While LL-37 has shown promising results, it has yet to receive regulatory approval as a peptide antibiotic. Despite the strong antimicrobial properties, LL-37 has several limitations including high cost, lower activity in physiological environments, susceptibility to proteolytic degradation, and high toxicity to human cells. This review will discuss the challenges associated with making LL-37 into a viable antibiotic treatment option, with a focus on antimicrobial resistance and cross-resistance as well as adaptive responses to sub-inhibitory concentrations of the peptide. The possible methods to overcome these challenges, including immobilization techniques, LL-37 delivery systems, the development of LL-37 derivatives, and synergistic combinations will also be considered. Herein, we describe how combination therapy and structural modifications to the sequence, helicity, hydrophobicity, charge, and configuration of LL-37 could optimize the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of LL-37 for future clinical use.
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