Olfactory System of Highly Trained Dogs Detects Prostate Cancer in Urine Samples

医学 前列腺癌 尿 癌症 前列腺 人口统计学的 内科学 泌尿科 胃肠病学 病理 社会学 人口学
作者
Gianluigi Taverna,Lorenzo Tidu,Fabio Grizzi,Valter Torri,A. Mandressi,Paolo Sardella,Giuseppe Torre,Giampiero Cocciolone,Mauro Seveso,Guido Giusti,Rodolfo Hurle,Armando Santoro,P. Graziotti
出处
期刊:The Journal of Urology [Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
卷期号:193 (4): 1382-1387 被引量:119
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.juro.2014.09.099
摘要

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Apr 2015Olfactory System of Highly Trained Dogs Detects Prostate Cancer in Urine Samples Gianluigi Taverna, Lorenzo Tidu, Fabio Grizzi, Valter Torri, Alberto Mandressi, Paolo Sardella, Giuseppe La Torre, Giampiero Cocciolone, Mauro Seveso, Guido Giusti, Rodolfo Hurle, Armando Santoro, and Pierpaolo Graziotti Gianluigi TavernaGianluigi Taverna Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy , Lorenzo TiduLorenzo Tidu Italian Ministry of Defense Military Veterinary Center, Grosseto, Milan, Italy , Fabio GrizziFabio Grizzi Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy , Valter TorriValter Torri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy , Alberto MandressiAlberto Mandressi Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy , Paolo SardellaPaolo Sardella Italian Ministry of Defense Military Veterinary Center, Grosseto, Milan, Italy , Giuseppe La TorreGiuseppe La Torre Italian Ministry of Defense Military Veterinary Center, Grosseto, Milan, Italy , Giampiero CoccioloneGiampiero Cocciolone Italian Ministry of Defense Military Veterinary Center, Grosseto, Milan, Italy , Mauro SevesoMauro Seveso Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy , Guido GiustiGuido Giusti Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy , Rodolfo HurleRodolfo Hurle Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy , Armando SantoroArmando Santoro Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy , and Pierpaolo GraziottiPierpaolo Graziotti Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.09.099AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract Purpose: We established diagnostic accuracy in terms of the sensitivity and specificity with which a rigorously trained canine olfactory system could recognize specific volatile organic compounds of prostate cancer in urine samples. Materials and Methods: Two 3-year-old female German Shepherd Explosion Detection Dogs were trained to identify prostate cancer specific volatile organic compounds in urine samples. They were tested on 362 patients with prostate cancer (range low risk to metastatic) and on 540 healthy controls with no nonneoplastic disease or nonprostatic tumor. This cross-sectional design for diagnostic accuracy was performed at a single Italian teaching hospital and at the Italian Ministry of Defense Military Veterinary Center. Results: For dog 1 sensitivity was 100% (95% CI 99.0–100.0) and specificity was 98.7% (95% CI 97.3–99.5). For dog 2 sensitivity was 98.6% (95% CI 96.8–99.6) and specificity was 97.6% (95% CI 95.9–98.7). When considering only men older than 45 years in the control group, dog 1 achieved 100% sensitivity and 98% specificity (95% CI 96–99.2), and dog 2 achieved 98.6% sensitivity (95% CI 96.8–99.6) and 96.4% specificity (95% CI 93.9–98.1). Analysis of false-positive cases revealed no consistent pattern in participant demographics or tumor characteristics. Conclusions: A trained canine olfactory system can detect prostate cancer specific volatile organic compounds in urine samples with high estimated sensitivity and specificity. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential predictive value of this procedure to identify prostate cancer. References 1 : Cancer statistics, 2012. CA Cancer J Clin2012; 62: 10. Google Scholar 2 : Prevalence of prostate cancer among men with a prostate-specific antigen level < or =4.0 ng per milliliter. N Engl J Med2004; 350: 2239. Google Scholar 3 : Screening and prostate-cancer mortality in a randomized European study. N Engl J Med2009; 360: 1320. Google Scholar 4 : Prostate cancer detection in men with serum PSA concentrations of 2.6 to 4.0 ng/mL and benign prostate examination. Enhancement of specificity with free PSA measurements. JAMA1997; 277: 1452. 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Google Scholar 27 : Rectourethral fistula after repeat transrectal prostate biopsy. Urology2013; 82: e18. Google Scholar 28 : Systematic review of complications of prostate biopsy. Eur Urol2013; 64: 876. Google Scholar 29 : Detection of prostate cancer by an electronic nose: a proof of principle study. J Urol2014; 192: 230. Link, Google Scholar 30 : Prostate cancer diagnosis through electronic nose in the urine headspace setting: a pilot study. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis2014; 17: 206. Google Scholar © 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 193Issue 4April 2015Page: 1382-1387Supplementary Materials Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2015 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Keywordsdiagnosisprostatic neoplasmsdogsolfactory perceptionvolatile organic compoundsAcknowledgmentsProf. Alberto Mantovani, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center provided assistance. Prof. Loraine Willis provided linguistic revision. Profs. Hywel Williams, Nicola Portinaro, Giuseppe Lippi and Aldo Maggioni, and Drs. Lidia Rota-Vender, Luca Balzarini, Salvatore Badalamenti, Fabio Baticci, Michele La Gioia, Michele Tedeschi and Alberto Trinchieri provided comments. Gens. di Corpo d'Armata Claudio Graziano, Piervalerio Manfroni and Gen. Federico Marmo, Ten. Cols. Mario Marchisio and Paolo Di Bona, Col. Luca Virgilio and Gen. Gianfranco Giardella provided technical support.MetricsAuthor Information Gianluigi Taverna Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Lorenzo Tidu Italian Ministry of Defense Military Veterinary Center, Grosseto, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Fabio Grizzi Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Valter Torri Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Alberto Mandressi Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Paolo Sardella Italian Ministry of Defense Military Veterinary Center, Grosseto, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Giuseppe La Torre Italian Ministry of Defense Military Veterinary Center, Grosseto, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Giampiero Cocciolone Italian Ministry of Defense Military Veterinary Center, Grosseto, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Mauro Seveso Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Guido Giusti Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Rodolfo Hurle Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Armando Santoro Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Pierpaolo Graziotti Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Milan, Italy More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...
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